ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS
REACTIONS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF
ALIPHATIC ALCOHOLS
Carry out the following simple experiments ; these have been selected to illustrate some of the general properties of alcohols.
(i) Miscibility with water. Measure out 3-1 ml. (2-5 g.) of n-butyl alcohol into a dry 100 ml. conical or flat-bottomed flask provided with a well-fitting stopper. From a burette add distilled water to the alcohol, a few drops at a time and shake vigorously after each addition, until a slight but permanent turbidity is produced. Note the volume of water added and calculate the solubility of water in n-butyl alcohol at the temperature of the laboratory. Continue the addition of water, 2-3 ml. at a time and with vigorous shaking, until the contents of the flask are just homogeneous : near the point of homogeneity the additions should be reduced to portions of 1 ml. Note the total volume of water which has been added from the burette, and calculate the solubility of n-butanol
in water at the temperature of the laboratory.
The student will doubtless be aware of the fact that methyl, ethyl, n-propyl and tso-propyl alcohols are completely miscible with water. The solubilities of the higher alcohols decrease progressively as the carbon content increases. The solubilities of all types of alcohols with five carbon atoms or more are quite smal miscible.
Divide the saturated solution of n-butyl alcohol in water into three approximately equal parts. Treat these respectively with about 2*5 g. of sodium chloride, potassium carbonate and sodium hydroxide, and shake each until the solids have dissolved. Observe the effect of these compounds upon the solubility of n-butanol in water. These results illustrate the phenomenon of salting out of organic compounds, i.e., the decrease of solubility of organic compounds in water when the solution is saturated with an inorganic compound. The alcohol layer which separates is actually a saturated solution of water in n-butyl alcohol.
amiation of alpha-halo acids
stereo chemistry
stereo chemistry is the branch of since which deals stricture in three dimension
proteins and nucleoic acds
proteins take up a large part of body. they hold it together and round it they are found in all living cell. they are the principle martial of the skin, muscle, fates, and blood of enzymes, anti bodies, and harmonies
chemically protein are higher higher ply amides. a single protein molecule contains hundreds or even thousand of amino acids units
the amino acid units can be twenty-odd different kinds. so the no of protein molecule containing different configuration (arrangement) is infinity.it is likely that thousand protein molecule recurred to run the animal.
In: Uncategorized · Tagged with: nucleoic acds, proteins
Toluene and benzene nitration
This is a small not on stereochemistry… and now i will draw a simple structure…
I hope you guys like toluene…
This is about nitration of benzene!!
In: StereoChemistry · Tagged with: StereoChemistry, toluene
Chalcone preparation
I was finally able to prepare chalcones with the following recation
I’ll post the reaction details as and when possible. This is a great achievement as I was able to seperate the products using column chromatography. I know it wouldn’t be a great thing, but atleast we are on track to doing something great 
. Thanks for reading through this really short and stupid post . I hope this helps you guys
In: Synthetic Chemistry · Tagged with: chalcone synthesis, column chromatography
Preparation of Sodium Triacetoxyborohydride
Preparation of Sodium Triacetoxyborohydride. Preparation
from sodium borohydride in situ prior to reduction is
our preferred method. To NaBH4 (74 mg), suspended in ethyl
acetate (15 mL) and cooled with an ice-water bath, was added
glacial acetic acid (3.05 equiv) by syringe over approx. 5 min. Stirring
was continued for another 5 min until a clear solution was
formed. The solution is the ready-to-use reducing agent. For
large scale (3.5 g), the addition of acetic acid was performed
dropwise over approx. 30 min and stirring continued for a further
30 min.
In: Uncategorized · Tagged with: mild reducing agent, reduction reaction, sodium borohydride, Sodium Triacetoxyborohydride
Successful Dimethylation and Isolation of gallacetophenone dimethyl ether
Hey! Finally was able to isolate the dimethly ether of gallacetophenone. Here is what the TLC looked like
Apparently the reactant (right in the tlc) has converted almost completely to the product. The reaction conditions were as follows :
3.36 gm of gallacetophenone(0.02 moles) and 15.8 gm (0.1 mole) was added in 100 ml acetone and refluxed for 20 mins. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature. To this, 2.52 grams(0.02 moles) of dimethyl suflate was added and stirred for 3 hours. The reaction did not seem to progress. So the reaction was heated for about 1 hour at reflux. The reaction flask was kept under free stirring for 48 hours and the TLC shown above was taken. Apparently the reaction had proceeded. The spot with the reactant is almost gone. There is a faint spot of the mono methyl ether just below the main dark spot. The trimethyl ether is seen distinctly above the monomethly ether.
Workup : The acetone was distilled off to leave only 10 % of the solution. To this about 50 ml toluene was added and the reaction mixture was washed with almost 100 ml (25ml x 4) of 20% NaOH. This was done so that only the mono and di methly ethers would remain in the solution. These were then to be separated by column chromatography. Hope you guys find it useful 
In: Synthetic Chemistry
Too busy to write!
Hi Friends,
I am getting quite busy with my schedule, which is the reason I am not getting time to write my experiments. I will try to write them as soon as possible. Don’t worry I have them jotted down in my notes, but just not on the mahine. I will hopefully get them typed or probably write it on my own. Things are going good… Had my first chemical kick yesterday… The material frothed out of the condenser . Anyways, wish me luck guys!! Bye!
JPV
Convinient Methylation process…
Found a convinient methylation process. Going to try out that agaisnt the one with methly iodide… Here is the process…
Gallacetophenone 3,4-dimethyl ether
To a boiling mixture of gallacetophenone (16.8g, 1 mol), benzene (400 mL) and anhydrous K2CO3 (55g) was added methyl sulphate (26.5g, 2.05 mol) in one portion, and the whole refluxed for 6 h with occasional shaking. After the addition of water (750 mL) and shaking, the benzene layer was separated and shaken several times with NaOH solution, and the alkaline extracts solidified. The precipitated gallacetophenone 3,4-dimethyl ether after crystallisation from MeOH had mp 75-77°C (yield 10g) (for previous methods of preparation from gallacetophenone, see Perkin9, Perkin and Wilson10, David and von Kostanecki11).
I found this interesting. I think it should be easier . The work up is much easier. No column atleast